logistics

Logistics is the art and science of organizing and controlling the flow of goods, energy, information, and other resources, such as products, services, and human beings, from production to market sources. Manufacturing and marketing would be difficult to do without logistical support. Logistics also includes the integration of information, transportation, inventory, warehousing, and packaging.OriginThe word logistics comes from the Greek logos (λόγος) which means "ratio, word, calculation, reason, speech, oration"Logistics is considered to be a concept that evolved from the military to meet the needs of their inventory when they move into the battlefield from the headquarters. In the Greek empire, the ancient Roman and Byzantine, there is a military officer with the title 'Logistikas', which is responsible for distribution and inventory financing the war.Military LogisticsILS Integrated Logistics Support is the discipline used by the army / military to ensure a strong support system with services supplies (logistics) concept of the idea is the lowest cost and in accordance with the needs, reliable, adequate supplies, maintainability and other requirements as specified for it.In military logistics, logistics officers manage how and when to move their resources to the places needed. In military science, maintaining supplies supply not be interrupted by the enemy as part of military strategy, because the army without supplies, and transportation resources will be defenseless.Logistics ManagementLogistics management is part of the supply chain process that serves to plan, implement, and control the efficiency and effectiveness of the storage and flow of goods, services and related information from the starting point (point of origin) to the point of consumption (point of consumption) in its aim to meet the needs of customers.UnderstandingLogistics Kono comes from the Greek is 'Logistikos' which means 'educated / intelligent' damal estimate / count.J.Bowersok Donald (2000), logistics is defined as 'the strategic management process to pemindahaan and storage of goods, spare parts and finished goods from the supplier, in the company's facilities and to the customers'H. Subagya, MS (1996) 'Logistics is one of the activities concerned with aspects of:Stats and development, procurement, storage, transfer, distribution, maintenance, evacuation and removal of equipment toolsRemoval, evacuation of personnel and equipmentProcurement or manufacture, maintenance and removal of the provision of facilitiesThe employer or the provision of services / assistanceLuke Rumsari Dwiantara and Hadi (2004) 'Management is a series of logistic planning, organizing, and supervision of the procurement activities of recording, distribution, storage, maintenance and removal of the logistics to support the effectiveness and efidiensi in efforts to achieve organizational goals'.And Agus Mulyono Indriyi G (1998) 'logistics activities is to develop an integrated operation of the procurement activity or collection of materials, freight or transportation, storage, packaging and packing distribution, and regulation of such activities'.Logistics Management FunctionPlanning Functions and Determination of NeedsBudgeting FunctionProcurement FunctionStorage and Distribution FunctionsMaintenance functionsRemoval functionControl FunctionsTypes of goods in logistics managementA. Consumer goods: goods produced poerusahaan to the final consumer kepaentinganProdesun - ConsumerManufacturer - Retailer - ConsumerManufacturer - Large traders has - Retailer - ConsumerManufacturers of - Agents - Retailer - ConsumerManufacturers of - Agents - Large - Retailer - Consumer2. Industrial goods: the goods produced by the company for the benefit of the industryManufacturer - The user industryManufacturer - Distributor of industrial - industrial userManufacturers of - Agents - The user industryManufacturer - Distributor of industrial Agent - User industriesPrinciples of logistics managementPrinciple of expertiseThe principle of creativityAccuracy PrinciplePrinciple of Order and DisciplineThe principle of Quality ServiceNature of the Principle of PerfectionPrinciple of EffectivenessThe principle of efficiencyIntegrated logistics concept consists of two related businesses, namely;A. Logistics Operationsa. Physical distribution management: aspects of the overall logistics associated with the management and delivery of goods ordered by customers.b. Material Management: involves the acquisition and transportation of material parts, or supplies and finished goods for resalec. Inventory transfers (internal): relating to the movement of corporate facilities2. Logistics CoordinationIdentification and determination of the movement needs a plan to integrate the entire operation ligistik. Logistics coordination is divided into 4 areas:ForecastingManagement of ordersOperating statsProcurement / Procurement of material needsLogistics SystemsOperating (working system) consist of companies:Marketing systemFinancial SystemLogistics systemProduction systemsExternal forces that could affect the logistics activities:Industrial structureThe intended marketGovernment regulationsCompetitive strategyThe state of the economyHuman Resource ManagementConsumer habitsLogistics system factors:CollectionStorageTransferDeploymentFinancingCommunicationElements of logistics management system:Stricture facilitiesTransportationStockCommunicationManagement and storageLogistics usage policy:HR needsProvision of logistics fundFactor surveillanceTypes of goodsCustumors